A woman passes by flags of participant countries during G20 Summit, at International Media Center of Pragati Maidan in New Delhi India has surprised the world by leading in the development and deployment of Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI). Rather than just replacing paper forms with digital ones, India made a massive leap in how the government works and delivers services. The Aadhar system identifies a billion people with biometrics, and UPI enables real-time payments. This isn’t just about speed and convenience; it’s about fundamentally changing how the government operates. Bureaucracy becomes leaner, operational costs drop, and corruption is more difficult to pull off. The state becomes more efficient and agile, able to adapt quickly because it operates on a data-driven platform that fosters trust. Through initiatives like JAM (Jan Dhan, Aadhar, Mobile) trinity, within 6 years, India has achieved a remarkable 80% financial inclusion rate from a meagre 35 per cent in 2011 — a feat that would have taken nearly five decades without a DPI approach. The sprawling architecture of the India Stack — incorporating over 50 crore Jan Dhan bank accounts, 1.3 billion Aadhar identities, and a network of 800 million mobile connections — embodies an inclusive […]